| 释义 |
▪ I. periscope, n.|ˈpɛrɪskəʊp|
[f. Gr. type *περίσκοπ-ος looking round, a looker round (cf. κατάσκοπος), f. περί around + σκοπός look, σκοπεῖν to look.]
I.
1. A ‘look round’; a general or comprehensive view, a survey. rare—1.
1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) I. 643 The following passage, in which he [Dr. Ferguson] is taking a medical periscope of the island of Antigua.
II.
2. Name of a variety of photographic object-glass.
1865Athenæum 4 Nov. 617/1 Steinheil's periscope, a new photographic object-glass. 1890Anthony's Photogr. Bull. III. 129 Why the many styles of objectives..? ‘Orthoscope, Tachyscope, Euryscope, Platyscope, Periscope.’
3. An apparatus used in a submarine boat, for obtaining a view of objects above the water by a system of mirrors. Also, a similar kind of tube-and-mirror or -prism apparatus used on land, as in trench warfare. See trench-periscope.
1899Westm. Gaz. 17 Jan. 5/2 Various experiments are being carried out in order to provide these vessels with ‘eyes’, and notably with an apparatus known as the periscope, which is based on the principle of the dark room in photography, and which, by means of a tube, can be raised to the surface of the water. 1902A. S. Hurd in 19th Cent. Feb. 226 The use of what is known as the periscope. This..by a system of mirrors carries to the officer below a reflection of what is occurring above. 1917A. G. Empey Over Top 303 Periscope, a thing in the trenches which you look through. 1951‘M. Innes’ Operation Pax v. xiii. 251 Remnant was fiddling with a long forceps and a couple of mirror-like stainless-steel plates. ‘First-rate periscope,’ he said. 1976Sci. Amer. Dec. 32/3 The crane operator, protected by heavy shielding and observing his tasks through a periscope, could remove and install any of the equipment by using impact wrenches to manipulate the connectors at the ends of the jumpers.
4. attrib. and Comb., as periscope-wise adv.; periscope depth (see quot. 1928); periscope level = periscope depth.
1928C. F. S. Gamble Story N. Sea Air Station xviii. 309 German submarines, when travelling awash, could reach ‘periscope depth’ (that is, the depth at which the fully extended periscope just reaches to the surface—normally 45 feet) in 1½ minutes. 1974L. Deighton Spy Story xviii. 194 ‘Periscope depth’, said Ferdy... The Captain..took us up to periscope level.
1923J. S. Huxley Ess. Biologist iii. 116 It [sc. the grebe] lifts its head and neck above the water, periscope-wise, to assure itself of its direction.
▪ II. ˈperiscope, v. poet.
[f. the n.]
intr. To look as if through a periscope.
1934Dylan Thomas 18 Poems 12 Where fishes' food is fed the shades Who periscope through flowers to the sky. |
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