■ against

不一定是“反对”，也可以指对照查核的标准。

• a standard against which all work, at home and abroad, should be judged判断国内外一切工作的标准
• How does Bush measure up against the giants of old? (Newsweek, May 31, 2004, p.41)布什同昔日的巨人们相比，有多大的分量呢？
• Private businesses such as rental and mortgage companies and car dealers are checking the names of customers against a list of suspected terrorists and drug traffickers made publicly available by the Treasury Department...(The Washington Post, March 27, 2007, D01)一些私营的企业，像租赁公司和房产公司以及汽车零售商，都在把顾客的姓名同财政部公布的嫌疑恐怖分子和贩毒分子的名单互相核对…