| 释义 |
ruggedness|ˈrʌgɪdnɪs|
[f. as prec. + -ness.]
1. a. The state or character of being rugged; roughness, unevenness.
1530Palsgr. 264/1 Ruggydnesse, pellure. 1544T. Phaer Regim. Lyfe (1553) B v, These thinges are good for Tetters, and other ruggednesse of the skinne. 1601Holland Pliny II. 321 As for the ruggednesse of any blade, it will take it away more effectually..than the very file. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. 86 The utmost smoothness we can come at..is full of.. little ruggednesses. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. (Globe) 585 You know not a Man from a Woman, neither by the Ruggedness of their Countenances or their Clothes. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 88 ⁋11 Our language, of which the chief defect is ruggedness and asperity. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian vii, It was merely a ruggedness in the stones..that had excited his curiosity. 1871Palgrave Lyr. Poems 127 Features by keen mountain air Moulded to solemn ruggedness.
b. Of roads, mountains, etc.
1648Wilkins Math. Magic ii. ii. 161 Every little ruggednesse or unevennes of the ground. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. A 4 b, Where the Ruggedness of the Ways interpose. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) I. 149 The ruggedness of the road,..leading up the mountain, is not easily described. 1814Scott Diary 30 Aug., The grounds around have been dressed, so as to smooth their ruggedness. 1836W. Irving Astoria II. 215 All the discouraging accounts of the ruggedness of the mountains lower down the river. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 277 The country.., owing to the ruggedness of the soil, not providing anything in great abundance.
fig.1825Lamb Elia ii. The Superannuated Man, The faithful partners of my toils..that smoothed for me..the ruggedness of my professional road. 1862Goulburn Pers. Relig. iv. i. (1873) 253 Crosses, ruggednesses, unpleasant collisions in one day's walk.
2. Harshness or roughness of character, etc.
1647J. Mayne Answ. Cheynell 27 All they of that soft Sex, with whom I have converst, have accused me of too great severity, and ruggedness, towards them. 1676Hale Contempl., Medit. Lord's Prayer 145 The Pardon that I give, is mingled with ruggedness, with revenge. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 115 ⁋7 A wife who had the ruggedness of a man without his force. 1794Godwin Caleb Williams 19 It was in vain that Mr. Tyrrel endeavoured to restrain the ruggedness of his character. 1830Cunningham Brit. Painters II. 203 The habitual ruggedness of his personal manners.
3. Of manufactured objects: robustness, durability. Cf. rugged a.1 9 b.
1936Physics VII. 75/1 The ruggedness of the simplified extrusion plastometer has been established by over two years of practically uninterrupted service. 1971Physics Bull. Nov. 644/1 (Advt.), Designed to provide the versatility required for laboratory use with the ruggedness of production line equipment. |
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