■ prejudice

这个单词，无论是作为名词或是动词，最主要、最为人所熟悉的词义，就是“偏见”、“成见”，尤其是 Jane Austen 的著名小说《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)用了这个单词作书名，这个词义就更为人们所熟知。但是 prejudice 还有一个词义，就是“损害”，它同“偏见”这个词义“本是同根生”，都是拉丁文的 prae（前面，事先）+ judicium（判断），但是经过岁月演变，在好几种欧洲语文中都衍生了两个“姑表”式的不同词义。

因此，遇到 prejudice，要注意有时候是“害”不是“见”。

• ... a law that operated to (in) the prejudice of blacks …一部损害黑人利益的法律
• I will do nothing to the prejudice of my brother.任何对我弟弟有损害的事我都不做。
• When factions are carried too high and too violently, it is a sign of weakness in princes; and much to the prejudice, both of their authority and business. (Sir Francis Bacon, The Essays)如果派别的地位抬得太高，闹得太厉害，这就表示侯王的力量削弱了，这对他们的权威和事业都是不利的。
• These are still retained, to the prejudice of our interests, not less than of our rights. (Alexander Hamilton. Federalist Papers，No. 15)这些东西仍然扣在人家手里，损害了我们的利益，也同样损害了我们的权利。
• ... you shall do nothing in a passion, nothing to my prejudice or to your mother's prejudice, without my knowledge and consent. (Daniel Defoe, The Fortunes & Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders)…你不可以凭一时的冲动，不事先告诉我并且得到我的同意，就做出不利于我或是不利于你母亲的事情。
• As with standard legal trials, Hartmann says, the defendants will have the right to a military lawyer, the right to remain silent without prejudice, the right to examine all evidence, and the right to call witnesses. (US News & World Report, Feb. 25, 2008, p.15)哈特曼说，同标准的司法审判一样，被告们将享有聘请一位随军律师的权利、保持沉默而不蒙受不利影响的权利、审阅所有证据的权利，以及传唤证人的权利。
• Such humble talents as God has given me I will endeavour to put to their greatest use; if I am able to amuse, I will try to benefit too; and when I feel it my duty to speak an unpalatable truth, with the help of God, I will speak it, though it be to the prejudice of my name and to the detriment of my reader's immediate pleasure as well as my own. (Anne Brontё, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall)上帝赐了我区区一点才能，我一定努力好好利用；如果我能够使人开心，我也会设法做到；而如果我觉得自己有义务把不合口味的真话说出来，哪怕是有损于我自己的名声，有损于读者眼前的愉快心情和我自己的愉快心情，我也一定会说出来。