| 单词 |
Klinefelter |
| 释义 |
Klinefelter Med.|ˈklaɪnfɛltə(r)|
The name of Harry Fitch Klinefelter (b. 1912), U.S. physician, used in the possessive (less commonly attrib.) to designate a syndrome he described (with others) in 1942 which affects males and becomes evident at puberty or after, being characterized by small testes, eunuchoidism, gynæcomastia, and infertility, usu. now restricted to those cases in which the cells have an extra X sex chromosome (most commonly in an XXY constitution, in contrast to the XY of normal males and the XX of normal females).
[1946Med. Jrnl. Austral. 28 Sept. 446/1 (heading) The Klinefelter–Reifenstein–Albright syndrome.] 1950Jrnl. Clin. Endocrinol. & Metabolism X. 630 (heading) Dystrophia myotonica, with special reference to endocrine function (Klinefelter's syndrome). Ibid. 635 In the 2 male patients the diagnostic criteria for the so-called Klinefelter syndrome were satisfied. 1958H. J. Roberts Difficult Diagn. i. i. 37 The evolution of the belief that micro-orchidism with gynecomastia (the Klinefelter syndrome) probably represents a genetic defect in the sex chromosomes. 1964L. Martin Clin. Endocrinol. (ed. 4) vi. 209 Apart from these two main XXY and XY types, Klinefelter's syndrome has also been described in variants possessing the chromosomal constitutions of XXXY, XXXXY, and XXYY. 1969Nature 16 Aug. 680/2 Züblin and Pasqualini noted a childishness, shyness, lack of drive and a degree of intellectual impairment in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome. 1970Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xxxi. 15/2 The most important findings were that abnormal females with Turner's syndrome were sex chromatin negative like normal males, and that abnormal males with Klinefelter's syndrome were sex chromatin positive like normal females. 1971Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 10 Dec. 20/1 One of the most common physical intersex conditions affecting a minimum of 2·65 males out of every 1,000 is the Klinefelter syndrome.
b. ellipt.
1961Davidson & Robertson Smith Proc. Conf. Human Chromosomal Abnormalities ii. 23 In 5 of the Klinefelter cases our observations were consistent with the belief that the chromosome number was regularly 47. 1967Bartalos & Baramki Med. Cytogenetics x. 155 In Hornstein's experience, only a few of the Klinefelter patients were free from some form of psychopathological traits. 1971Daily Tel. (Colour Suppl.) 10 Dec. 20/1 In Klinefelter there is an extra X chromosome added to the male XY. |
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