| 单词 |
granulocyte |
| 释义 |
granulocyte Med.|ˈgrænjʊləʊsaɪt|
[f. granulo- + -cyte.]
Any cell that contains or is destined to contain (conspicuous) granules in its cytoplasm; spec. any of the mature granular leucocytes (comprising neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) or the immature precursors of these cells.
1906G. A. Buckmaster Morphol. Normal & Path. Blood iv. 87 According to Pappenheim, all the members of the three groups of erythroblasts, lymphocytes, and granulocytes originate from an ancestral lymphocyte. 1951Whitby & Hynes Med. Bacteriol. (ed. 5) v. 61 The body falls a ready prey to infections of all sorts when the bone-marrow for any reason fails to produce granulocytes. 1960McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. VII. 485/2 Of the three kinds of white cells found in normal blood, the granulocytes, the lymphocytes, and the monocytes, it is the granulocytes that are largely affected in most forms of leukopenia. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xxvi. 12/1 The time taken for maturation of a granulocyte in the bone marrow prior to its release into the circulation is believed to be of the order of 3–4 days. 1971T. L. Lentz Cell Fine Structure 282 (heading) Endometrial granulocyte. Ibid., The granulocyte has been implicated in the secretion of the peptide hormone relaxin.
Hence granuloˈcytic a.
1908Practitioner Feb. 244 A form of lymphatic (i.e., non-granulocytic) leucocythaemia occurs, in which the parent cells have given rise to an excessive formation of Türk's ‘stimulation’ cells. 1962Lancet 27 Jan. 209/1 We thus came to the tentative conclusion that in the marrow of our standard guineapig..the small lymphocyte functioned as a stem cell for both the red cell and the granulocytic series.
▸ granulocyte colony-stimulating factor n. Physiol. and Med. any of a group of cytokines that stimulate the proliferation, differentiation, and function of granulocytes, esp. polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils).
1971R. K. Shadduck et al. in Jrnl. Lab. & Clin. Med. 78 53 Injection of mice with pertussis vaccine engendered high levels of *granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. 1986Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 26112384 Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and multipotential colony-stimulating factor (multi-CSF or interleukin 3) are two members of a family of hemopoietic growth and differentiation factors. 1991Sci. Amer. Feb. 110/2 Amgen will begin selling G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor), tradenamed Neupogen, to treat the most common and dangerous side effects of chemotherapy. 1999Asian-Pacific Jrnl. Allergy & Immunol. 17 289 Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSFs) play a very important role in the current technique of stem cell transplantation. |
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