| 释义 |
gasket|ˈgæskɪt|
Also 7 casket(te, gassit, 8 gaskett.
[Of obscure origin; It. gaschetta has the same sense, but is believed to be from Eng.; F. garcette plait of rope, rope's end (for flogging) is in some Dicts. said to mean also ‘gasket’, but it has not been found earlier than the 19th c. With the early form casket cf. Sp. cajeta.]
1. A small rope or plaited cord, which secures a furled sail to the yard, being wrapped several times round both. Chiefly in pl.
1622R. Hawkins Voy. S. Sea (1847) 188 His sayles repayred and sufficiently prevented with martnets blayles and caskettes. 1626Capt. Smith Accid. Yng. Seamen 15 There is also diuerse other small cordage, as head lines, the knaulings, gassits or furling lines. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Navy Landships Wks. i. 81/1 Her Gaskets, Martlines, Cables. 1711W. Sutherland Shipbuild. Assist. 16 The Lines that are drawn cross the Yards are call'd Rope-bands; they make fast the Sail to the Yard, and Gaskets furl them. 1762Falconer Shipwr. ii. 94 Along the sail the gasketts are convey'd. 1825H. B. Gascoigne Nav. Fame 49 In haste the binding Gaskets they unfold But yet the canvass in their arms they hold. 1894Hall Caine Manxman iii. x, Her rudder was unshipped, her sails were torn from their gaskets.
2. a. A strip of tow, plaited hemp, or other material, used for packing a piston or for caulking a joint.
1829R. Stuart Anecd. Steam Eng. I. 270 Screwing this plate down to the projecting rim, the packing (or gasket) between them was pressed outwards, so tightly as not to allow steam to pass. 1859Rankine Steam Eng. (1861) 129 Round the body of the piston is wrapped the packing, consisting either of loose hemp, or of a soft loosely spun hempen rope called gasket, soaked with grease.
b. A flat sheet or ring of some relatively soft material made to be placed between adjoining metal surfaces so as to seal the joint against the pressure of gas or liquid; spec. one inserted between the cylinder-head and the cylinder-block in an internal-combustion engine.
1903R. J. Mecredy Dict. Motoring 123 Gasket, a packing washer of asbestos, rubber, or other material used to make liquid, steam, or air-tight joints. 1915Autocar Handbk. (ed. 6) ii. 59 This head is held down by a number of bolts, and a copper and asbestos gasket is interposed, so that a gas and watertight joint is obtained. 1925Morris Owner's Man. 34 The cylinder head lifted, showing the valves, ports, water-ways and the gasket. 1946Kuns & Plumridge Automobile Engines 46 The cylinder-head gasket, of course, is a specially prepared gasket in all cases, of copper, bronze, and asbestos. 1963C. Campbell Sports Car Engine xiii. 291 Solid copper gaskets should always be used on an engine used for racing. 1969Which? Aug. 229/2 Replace rubber plugs and gaskets [in pressure cookers] if they show signs of age.
3. attrib., as gasket-work.
1831J. Porter Sir Seaward's Narr. I. 124 A fathom of this gasket-work, being fastened end to end.
Hence ˈgasket v. trans., to fasten up with gaskets.
1892Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker xiii. 207 The sails were gasketed and covered..and the decks tidied down. |
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