| 释义 |
▪ I. dan2|dæn|
Also 8 dann.
a. A small buoy, made of wood or inflated sheepskin, supporting a stout pole which bears a flag by day and lamp by night, used either to mark the position of deep-sea lines, or as a centre round which a steam-trawler is worked.
1687Lond. Gaz. No. 2298/4 They will..forthwith cause to be laid a White Buoy, having a Dann thereupon, till they may be able to erect another Beacon. 1883Fisheries Exhib. Catal. 7 Fleet of Cod Lines..ready for Baiting, with Dans, Dantows, and Anchors complete. 1892Whitby Gaz. 11 Nov. 3/1 The vessel then drifts slowly on until a distance of about two miles separates it from the dan.
b. attrib. dan-buoy, spec., one marking an area cleared by minesweepers, or indicating the position of sea-mines; dan-tow, the rope fastening the dan to the lines or, in steam-trawling, to a small anchor or anchors.
1916Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 665/2 Dan buoys, seen in the half-light,..are apt to be deceptive. 1943H.M.'s Minesweepers v. 31/2 The Captain..gives him practice in dropping and picking up the dan-buoys which are used to mark the position of mines or the limits of a cleared area. 1962Times 29 May 14/6 We sight the ‘dan’, or marker, buoys of our pots.
Hence ˈdanner, ˈdan-layer, a vessel used to lay dans.
1942J. Masefield Generation Risen 44 (title) The danlayers. 1943H.M.'s Minesweepers vii. 49/1 Certain ships being detailed to act as dan-layers. 1946J. Irving Royal Navalese 60 Danner, a special vessel, following behind a force of mine-sweepers, which lays Dan-buoys to mark..the channel as it is swept. 1954Jane's Fighting Ships 1954–55 195 Now rated as..inshore minesweepers..but used mainly as danlayers.
▪ II. dan3 Coal-mining. local.
A small truck or sledge on which coal is drawn from the workings to the main road or shaft. Hence dan v.
1852Brande Dict. Sc. (ed. 2), Dans, small trucks or sledges used in coal mines. 1871Trans. Amer. Inst. Mining Eng. I. 305 The coals were brought along the face to the hill, on a ‘dan’..there reloaded and hauled to the shaft. 1879G. F. Jackson Shropsh. Word-bk., Dan, a small tub used for drawing coals from the workings to the main road where the skips are loaded. Danning is drawing the coals in the dans, which is done by boys.
▪ III. dan5|dæn|
[Japanese.]
In Judo, a degree of proficiency; the holder of such a qualification.
1941M. Feldenkrais Judo 166 All teachers..are of the first Dan in the beginning of their teaching career. 1954E. Dominy Teach yourself Judo i. 17 There are six kyu grades and ten dan grades. The word kyu means pupil and dan means degree or master. 1958G. Koizumi Judo 44 Two third Dans, members of the grading panel, are required to recommend to First Dan. 1968R. Harris Nice Girl's Story ii. 16, I often practised my judo. I..was, by this time, a 4th Dan.
Hence dan-holder, one who is, or possesses, a dan.
1941M. Feldenkrais Judo 167 It is too easy for a higher Dan holder to beat a single opponent so he is opposed to a group. 1956K. Tomiki Judo i. 8 Of the dan-holders those from the 1st to the 5th wear a black belt or sash. |
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