| 单词 |
caloric |
| 释义 |
▪ I. caloric, n. Physics.|kəˈlɒrɪk|
Also 8–9 -ique.
[a. F. calorique (invented by Lavoisier), f. L. calōr-em heat + -ique = -ic.]
1. The name given to a supposed elastic fluid, to which the phenomena of heat were formerly attributed. (Now generally abandoned, with the theory to which it belonged.)
[1791E. Darwin Bot. Gard. i. 8 note, This elastic matter of heat, termed Calorique in the new nomenclature of the French Academicians.] 1792Phil. Trans. LXXXII. 88 The universally diffused caloric or matter of heat. 1801Month. Mag. XII. 581 The laws of this calorique (or whatever it is to be called). 1826J. Wilson Noct. Ambr. Wks. 1855 I. 84 Poor Vulcan has recently got A lingo that's almost historic And can tell you that iron is hot Because it is filled with caloric. 1834M. Somerville Connex. Phys. Sc. xxv. (1849) 238 The rays of caloric which produce the sensation of heat. 1864Max Müller Sc. Lang. Ser. ii. xii. 579 Till very lately, Caloric was a term in constant use, and it was supposed to express some real matter.
2. Used simply for ‘heat’; also fig.
1794Pearson in Phil. Trans. LXXXIV. 386 Such a degree of caloric as was just sufficient to melt them. 1799Southey Nondescr. iii. Wks. III. 63 A wretch..Who swells with calorique. 1870Emerson Soc. & Solit., Eloquence Wks. (Bohn) III. 24 The additional caloric of a multitude.
3. Comb. caloric-engine, the name given by Ericsson to his improved hot-air-engine.
1853in Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. V. 305 The experimental trial of the caloric-engine vessel. 1883Daily News 10 Sept. 2/1 Two small caloric engines.
▪ II. caloric, a.|kəˈlɒrɪk|
[f. L. calor heat + -ic.]
Of or pertaining to heat.
[1853(see caloric n. 3)] .1865J. R. Mayer in W. R. Grove Correl. Physical Forces 275 The velocity of an asteroid when it strikes the sun measures from 445,750 to 630,400 metres; the caloric effect of the percussion is consequently equal to from 27½ to 55 millions of degrees of heat. 1896F. W. Hume Myst. Hansom Cab (ed. 2) xxi. 198 To look at them merely was to increase one's caloric condition. 1925T. Dreiser Amer. Tragedy i. viii. 69 Having acclimated himself to this caloric atmosphere. 1969Sci. Jrnl. May 28/2 The animals were then dried to constant weight and combusted in a calorimeter to give caloric values. |
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